Abiogenesis, or origin of life, is the study of how life on Earth emerged from inanimate organic and inorganic molecules.
Biogenesis is the process of lifeforms producing other lifeforms.
Similar embryos- common ancestor
Homologous structures- similar structures
Competition has to exist for evolution to occur
To survive a species needs to fill niches and decrease competition
Evolution- Tree of life
Sympatric- Speciation within a population
Allopatric- Isolated population's speciation
Parapatric- Speciation two populations barely overlap
Allopatric is the fastest while sympatric is the slowest form of evolution
Stabilizing selection- culls extreme variants from the population
Directional selection- shifts the overall makeup of a population
Diversifying selection- favors variants of opposite extremes over intermediate individuals
Gradual change- Even change over life, not many changes, and little evolution occurs
Divergent Evolution- Started the same, but is experiencing a different environment and different pressures
Adaptive Radiation or niche- Different ways of life (Founder effect), needed to survive
Convergent evolution- Coming together from a common ancestor
Finally Gradualism- gradual change
Punctuated Equilibrium- rapid change causes change in organisms immediately
Bottleneck effect- diversity->event->a few surviving population
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